Despite the limited practical use of current quantum computers, several nations impose arbitrary export restrictions, countering scientific principles and potentially alerting adversaries

Governments worldwide have recently introduced puzzling restrictions on the export of quantum computers. These restrictions, specifically targeting devices with 34 or more qubits and certain error rates, appear arbitrary and counterproductive, as current quantum computers are largely impractical, according to published research.

Imagine governments restricting the sale of 34-centimetre rulers, a seemingly nonsensical act given the nonexistence and lack of significance of such rulers. This scenario mirrors the recent legislation on quantum computers, which limits the export of devices based on qubit count and error thresholds, despite these devices lacking practical applications.

The specificity of the restrictions hints at underlying concerns, likely regarding the potential of these quantum devices to break widely used encryption methods. However, without access to the research informing these decisions, it’s unclear whether these concerns are justified or merely speculative.

The scientific method thrives on openness and peer review, enabling global collaboration to scrutinize and refine research. Policy-making should mirror this approach. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change exemplifies this by synthesizing research for policy-makers to address climate change effectively. Similarly, during the COVID-19 pandemic, published research facilitated public discussion on imposed rules.

In contrast, the seemingly arbitrary quantum computer export restrictions lack transparency and scientific backing, making them questionable. Either the restrictions are based on incorrect assumptions, resulting in pointless legislation, or they inadvertently highlight a significant threshold, alerting potential adversaries.

Overall, these restrictions underscore the importance of basing policy on transparent, peer-reviewed scientific evidence rather than arbitrary decisions. Doing so ensures policies are effective and well-informed, and avoids unnecessary international tensions.

Analysis:

Political Perspective:

Governments’ imposition of arbitrary quantum computer export restrictions raises significant political implications. These measures, ostensibly for national security, might stem from a lack of transparent scientific evidence or misunderstood technological threats. Politically, this reflects a broader trend of governments enacting policies without clear scientific justification, which can undermine trust in governance and international cooperation. Additionally, these restrictions could strain diplomatic relations, as nations perceive these measures as veiled attempts at technological control or economic protectionism.

Social Perspective:

From a societal standpoint, the arbitrary nature of these restrictions exemplifies the disconnect between policy-making and scientific understanding. The public, often reliant on governments for security and technological advancement, may view these restrictions as an overreach or misinformed decision, leading to scepticism about other scientific policies. Moreover, such policies could stifle innovation and international collaboration in quantum computing, limiting potential societal benefits such as advancements in medicine, materials science, and cryptography.

Racial Perspective:

While the quantum computer export restrictions do not directly address racial issues, the broader implications of science policy disproportionately affect underrepresented groups in STEM fields. Policies based on flawed scientific reasoning can perpetuate inequities by limiting access to advanced technologies and research opportunities. Ensuring transparent, evidence-based policies helps promote inclusive growth in scientific fields, benefiting diverse communities worldwide.

Gender Perspective:

The impact of these restrictions on gender equity in STEM is significant. Women and other underrepresented groups in quantum computing and related fields might face additional barriers due to limited access to advanced research tools and international collaboration opportunities. Transparent, evidence-based policies are crucial to fostering an inclusive environment that encourages participation from all genders, driving innovation and diversity in STEM.

Economic Perspective:

Economically, arbitrary export restrictions on quantum computers could hinder global technological progress and market growth. Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize industries, and limiting its development through unsubstantiated policies could slow economic advancement. Additionally, these restrictions might deter investment and collaboration in quantum research, reducing the economic benefits derived from technological innovation. Policymakers should prioritize evidence-based decisions to ensure economic growth and maintain a competitive edge in the global technology market.