The former president’s second-term strategy seeks to leverage regional partners and reintroduce hardline policies to curb migration

As part of his broader immigration plans, President-elect Donald Trump’s team is preparing a forceful strategy aimed at Latin America, focusing on deporting large numbers of undocumented migrants from the United States. Central to this approach is a return to a tough stance on countries in the region that have become significant sources of migration.

Trump’s first term saw a mix of aggressive actions, including sanctions and tariffs, targeting countries that did not comply with U.S. demands. This time, sources close to the transition suggest a more refined approach, with better preparations and understanding of the diplomatic levers that can be pulled to ensure compliance from regional partners. Central to the plan will be heavy reliance on Mexico, which has long been tasked with managing migration at the U.S. southern border.

The strategy also involves reactivating agreements like the “Remain in Mexico” policy, which requires migrants to wait in Mexico while their asylum cases are processed in the U.S. Furthermore, Trump aims to reinstate Asylum Cooperative Agreements (ACAs), which allow the U.S. to send asylum seekers to third-party countries to make their claims. These agreements were a hallmark of his first term, though their full implementation was limited.

The Trump team’s deportation strategy is expected to hinge on pressure tactics and leveraging sanctions, particularly if countries like Venezuela or Guatemala refuse to cooperate. Venezuela has previously halted deportation flights, but Trump’s team is ready to reintroduce sanctions if necessary.

Mexico, which is expected to play a central role, has signaled that it is prepared to receive deported individuals. Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum emphasized Mexico’s readiness, stating that while they will work to prevent deportations, they have a plan in place for those who are returned. Meanwhile, discussions between senior Mexican officials and the incoming Trump administration are set to cover a range of issues, including trade, migration, and security.

While Trump’s team prepares for a hardline approach, it is anticipated that regional countries will brace for the aggressive tactics that have defined Trump’s approach to immigration. However, experts caution that challenges remain, as some countries may resist pressure, and the geopolitical complexities of managing migration will continue to be a delicate issue.