New research uncovers the origin of eerie space “chorus waves,” revealing their link to auroras and satellite threats

Astronomers have unravelled the mystery behind eerie space “birdsong” sounds, bursts of radiation resembling chirping that play a role in creating pulsating auroras. Detected since the 1960s, these chorus waves, lasting mere tenths of a second, originate around 100,000 km from Earth and align with its magnetic field.

New research reveals these waves form not only in regions influenced by Earth’s dipole-like magnetic field but also in areas with highly distorted magnetic fields, previously deemed improbable. This discovery challenges traditional theories and suggests chorus waves can develop anywhere in space, driven by interactions with high-energy and thermal electrons.

The findings carry significant implications, as these waves are linked to the acceleration of “killer electrons” that can damage satellites. Dr Richard Horne of the British Antarctic Survey calls the results “a surprising discovery,” urging a re-evaluation of how chorus waves are generated.

This breakthrough, while not disproving existing theories, opens the door for deeper exploration of Earth’s magnetic environment and its effects on space phenomena. Scientists believe the study could advance our understanding of auroras and protect critical satellite infrastructure.

The research team, led by Dr Horne, used advanced space observation tools to monitor the behaviour of these chorus waves in various regions of space. By analyzing data from multiple satellites, they were able to track the waves’ behaviour in both typical and unusual magnetic field environments, providing new insights into how these waves interact with high-energy particles.

In addition to expanding our understanding of space weather, this discovery has practical applications for space exploration. As humanity’s reliance on satellites continues to grow, understanding and mitigating the effects of “killer electrons” will become increasingly important for safeguarding communication, navigation, and weather satellites.