Muslims globally prepare to observe Ashura, marking the solemn commemoration of Hussain ibn Ali’s martyrdom

Muharram, the first month of the Islamic lunar calendar, holds profound significance in the Muslim world, second only to Ramadan in holiness. It begins upon sighting the crescent moon, signalling the start of a new lunar cycle distinct from the Gregorian calendar’s solar-based system. This year, Muslims in countries spanning Saudi Arabia, India, UAE, US, UK, Iran, and beyond observed the start of the Islamic New Year, known as Hijri 1446 AH, on July 07, 2024.

Ashura, the tenth day of Muharram, stands out as a day of deep spiritual and historical remembrance. It marks the martyrdom of Hussain Ibn Ali, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, at the Battle of Karbala in 680 CE. For Shia Muslims, in particular, Ashura is a time for mourning and reflection, symbolizing Hussain’s sacrifice in defence of justice against tyranny. Communities gather for prayers, recitations of elegies (marsiyas), and processions that commemorate Hussain’s stand against oppression.

Across the Middle East, including countries like Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Iraq, Bahrain, and others, Muslims observed Ashura on July 07, 2024, with solemnity and reverence. In the West, such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States, where Muslim communities are diverse and vibrant, Ashura was also observed on the same date, reflecting global unity in faith and tradition.

In India, the start of the Islamic New Year was acknowledged on July 08, 2024, with Ashura scheduled for August 18, 2024, in alignment with local moon sightings and regional customs. Religious authorities in Pakistan and Bangladesh similarly announced the dates based on local lunar observations, underscoring the variability and significance of moon sighting traditions in Islamic calendar observances.

Analysis:

Political Perspective: Ashura holds political implications, especially in regions where Shia communities are prominent. It can influence policies regarding religious freedoms and cultural rights, impacting government interactions with religious institutions and community leaders.

Social Perspective: Ashura serves as a social unifier, bringing together Muslims of diverse backgrounds to commemorate a shared heritage and religious identity. It reinforces community bonds through collective rituals and acts of charity, emphasizing solidarity and compassion.

Racial Perspective: While not explicitly racial, Ashura reflects diversity within Islam, accommodating various cultural expressions and practices among Muslim communities globally. It highlights unity in faith transcending racial and ethnic boundaries.

Gender Perspective: Ashura involves participation from both men and women, with distinct roles in communal rituals and expressions of mourning. It underscores gender inclusivity within religious observance, promoting shared spiritual responsibilities.

Economic Perspective: Economically, Ashura stimulates local markets through increased sales of traditional foods, attire, and charitable donations. It boosts economic activities tied to religious gatherings and community events, benefiting local businesses and vendors.